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Dental Oncology

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What is dental oncology?

Dental oncology is a specialized field of dentistry focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of oral and dental complications related to cancer and its treatments.

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Dental Oncology

Dental oncology is a multidisciplinary branch of dentistry that deals with the oral health care of patients undergoing cancer treatment, particularly those with head and neck cancers. It involves the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oral diseases and complications caused by cancer itself or by therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Dental oncology aims to maintain oral function, reduce pain and infection, improve quality of life, and support overall cancer treatment outcomes through coordinated care with oncologists and other healthcare professionals.

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Common dental issues

Oral Mucositis: Painful sores, redness, and inflammation in the mouth caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Reduced saliva production due to radiation or medications, leading to discomfort and difficulty in swallowing.
Tooth Decay: Increased risk of cavities because saliva, which protects teeth, is reduced.
Gum Disease (Periodontal Problems): Weakened immunity makes gums more prone to infection, bleeding, and inflammation
Jawbone Problems: Conditions such as osteonecrosis of the jaw may occur due to certain cancer treatments or medications.
Oral Infections: Higher chances of fungal, viral, or bacterial infections due to suppressed immune function.
Jharkhand Cancer Centre (JCC)

Oral care tips

Use a soft or ultra-soft toothbrush and brush at least twice daily to clean teeth and gums without causing irritation, bleeding, or damage to sensitive oral tissues affected by chemotherapy or radiation.
Choose alcohol-free or medicated mouthwashes recommended by your dental oncologist to soothe the mouth, reduce infections, and prevent dryness or burning sensations.
Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep the mouth moist, reduce dry mouth (xerostomia), and help wash away food particles and bacteria that can cause infections.
Stay away from spicy, acidic, very hot, hard, or rough foods, as well as tobacco and alcohol, since they can worsen mouth sores, pain, and inflammation.
Apply lip balm regularly and consider saliva substitutes or sugar-free lozenges to prevent cracked lips and discomfort caused by reduced saliva production.
Visit your dental oncologist or dentist regularly during cancer treatment to monitor oral health, manage side effects early, and prevent serious complications like infections or jawbone problems.
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Know Your Answers

What is dental oncology?
Dental oncology focuses on managing oral health issues before, during, and after cancer treatment.
Why is dental care important during cancer treatment?
Cancer therapies can affect the mouth, increasing the risk of infections, pain, and oral complications.
When should a cancer patient visit a dental oncologist?
Ideally before starting cancer treatment and regularly during therapy.
What oral problems are common in cancer patients?
Mouth sores, dry mouth, gum disease, tooth decay, and jawbone issues
Can dental problems delay cancer treatment?
Yes, untreated oral infections may lead to treatment delays or complications.
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