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Medical Oncology

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Understanding Medical Oncology

Systemic treatment for gynecologic cancers includes chemotherapy (killing cancer cells), targeted therapy (blocking cancer’s genetic changes), and immunotherapy (boosting the immune system), all of which travel through the body to treat cancer cells wherever they are found.

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Medical Oncology

Systemic treatment for gynecologic cancers primarily involves therapies that circulate throughout the body to target cancer cells wherever they may be. The main approaches include chemotherapy, which uses cytotoxic drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells; targeted therapy, which blocks specific genetic or molecular changes driving cancer growth; and immunotherapy, which stimulates the body’s immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. These treatments are often used in combination and tailored to the cancer’s type, stage, and individual patient factors, playing a crucial role in controlling the disease, preventing recurrence, and improving survival.

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Key Treatment Modalities

Gynecologic cancer treatment primarily relies on systemic therapies that target cancer cells throughout the body.
Chemotherapy uses cytotoxic drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells and may be given before or after surgery or radiation.
Targeted therapy focuses on blocking specific molecular or genetic changes that promote cancer growth.
Examples of targeted treatments include PARP inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates.
Immunotherapy activates the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells using agents like pembrolizumab and nivolumab.
These treatment modalities are often combined and customized based on cancer stage, type, and genetic profile.
The goal is to deliver personalized, effective care that controls disease, prevents recurrence, and improves survival.
Jharkhand Cancer Centre (JCC)

Management & Goal

The main goal of gynecologic cancer management is to cure, control, or relieve symptoms to enhance quality of life.
Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach combining surgery, radiation, and systemic therapies.
Systemic options include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
The choice of treatment depends on cancer type, stage, and the patient’s overall health condition.
Early-stage disease is treated with curative intent, aiming to remove all visible cancer.
Advanced or recurrent cases focus on controlling tumor growth and managing symptoms.
Palliative care and rehabilitation support patients physically and emotionally throughout treatment.
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Know Your Answers

What is Medical Oncology?
Definition: The branch of oncology that treats cancer using drug-based therapies (such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy).
Primary Goal:To systematically (throughout the body) destroy cancer cells, control the spread of cancer, and improve the patient's quality of life.
Key Procedures (Treatment)
Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to destroy or slow the growth of rapidly dividing cancer cells. It is administered via IV or pill form.
Targeted Therapy: Drugs that block specific genes or proteins on cancer cells, causing less harm to healthy cells.
Immunotherapy: Drugs (such as checkpoint inhibitors) that help the body's immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells.
Hormone Therapy: Used to treat cancers (like breast and prostate cancer) that depend on hormones for growth.
Palliative & Supportive Care
Symptom Management: Managing the side effects of treatment (like nausea, vomiting, fatigue, pain) and symptoms caused by the cancer itself.
Nutritional Counseling: Providing necessary nutritional and dietary support during and after treatment.
Psychosocial Support: Offering counseling and support to manage the emotional and psychological effects of cancer.
Survivorship Planning: Planning for health monitoring and long-term care after treatment completion.
Benefits of Medical Oncology
Systemic Reach: Medications travel through the bloodstream, treating both the primary tumor and metastases (cancer that has spread) throughout the body.
Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Role: Plays a critical role before surgery (to shrink the tumor) or after surgery (to destroy residual cells).
Personalized Treatment: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy make it possible to tailor treatment to the genetic profile of the patient's tumor.
Non-Surgical Option: Provides treatment for patients who are unfit for surgery or whose cancer cannot be adequately treated by surgery alone.
TESTIMONIALS

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Jharkhand Cancer Centre is highly rated by patients for comprehensive cancer care and services in Ranchi, Jharkhand.

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